Important GK Questions

 🔰 Important GK Questions 🔰

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🔸 At which place is the Shompen tribe found?

➨ Nicobar Islands

🔸 In which state is the Buddhist site Tabo Monastery located?

➨ Himachal Pradesh

🔸 Where is the famous Virupaksha temple located?

➨ Hampi

🔸 Which country has the world's largest reserves of Uranium?

➨ Australia

🔸 one will come across which country if one travels through the Strait of Malacca?

➨ Singapore

🔸 A collection of gas and dust which appears as a bright ball of light in the sky with a long glowing tail is called?

➨ Comet

🔸 Cape Canaveral, the site from which space shuttles are launched is located on the coast of?

➨ Florida

🔸 Units of measuring distances in the Universe ?

➨ Light year, Parsec

🔸 Distance travelled by light in one year is called _____.

➨ One Light year

🔸 Science dealing with the nature and origin of the Universe is knowns as?

➨ Cosmology

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Important GK Questions in Hindi

 🔰 Important GK Questions in Hindi 🔰

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🔸 शोमेन जनजाति किस स्थान पर पाई जाती है?

➨ निकोबार द्वीप समूह

🔸 बौद्ध स्थल तबो मठ किस राज्य में स्थित है?

➨ हिमाचल प्रदेश

🔸 परसिद्ध विरुपाक्ष मंदिर कहाँ स्थित है?

➨ हम्पी

🔸 किस देश के पास यूरेनियम का विश्व का सबसे बड़ा भंडार है?

➨ ऑस्ट्रेलिया

🔸 यदि मलक्का जलडमरूमध्य से यात्रा की जाए तो कौन से देश में आएगा?

➨ सिंगापुर

🔸 गस और धूल का एक संग्रह जो लंबी चमकदार पूंछ के साथ आकाश में प्रकाश की एक चमकीली गेंद के रूप में दिखाई देता है, उसे क्या कहा जाता है?

➨ धूमकेतु

🔸 कप कैनावेरल, वह स्थान जहाँ से अंतरिक्ष शटल लॉन्च किए जाते हैं, के तट पर स्थित है?

➨ फ्लोरिडा

🔸 यनिवर्स में दूरी मापने की इकाइयाँ?

➨ प्रकाश वर्ष, पारसेक

🔸 एक वर्ष में प्रकाश द्वारा तय की गई दूरी को _____ कहा जाता है।

➨ एक प्रकाश वर्ष

🔸 बरह्मांड की प्रकृति और उत्पत्ति से संबंधित विज्ञान को किस नाम से जाना जाता है?

➨ कॉस्मोलॉजी

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Important GK/GS Questions

 🔰 Important GK/GS Questions 🔰

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🔸 Who created fictional character Harry Potter?

➨ J.K.Rowling

🔸 Deficiency of which vitamin causes Scurvy?

➨ Vitamin-C

🔸 Which constituent of human blood is responsible for blood clotting?

➨ Platelets (Thrombocytes)

🔸 Which was the first country to give women the right to vote in elections?

➨ New Zealand

🔸 According to Hindu mythology, twin sisters Riddhi and Siddhi are wives of which God?

➨ Ganesh

🔸 Which scientist was known as 'Wizard of Menlo Park'?

➨ Thomas Alva Edison

🔸 On 6th April 1909, who became the first person to reach the North Pole?

➨ Robert Edwin Peary

🔸 What is the name of India's first nuclear reactor?

➨ Apsara

🔸 Which Mughal emperor assumed the title of 'Alamgir' - Conqueror of the world?

➨ Aurangzeb

🔸 At which place did Mahatama Gandhi start his first Satyagraha in India?

➨ Champaran in Bihar

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📚भारतीय संविधान की अनुसूचियाँ📚

 📚भारतीय संविधान की अनुसूचियाँ📚

भारत के मूल संविधान में मूलतः आठ अनुसूचियाँ थीं परन्तु वर्तमान में भारतीय संविधान में बारह अनुसूचियाँ हैं। संविधान में नौवीं अनुसूची प्रथम संविधान संशोधन 1951, 10वीं अनुसूची 52वें संविधान संशोधन 1985, 11वीं अनुसूची 73वें संविधान संशोधन 1992 एवं बाहरवीं अनुसूची 74वें संविधान संशोधन 1992 द्वारा सम्मिलित किया गया।

✍️पहली अनुसूची - (अनुच्छेद 1 तथा 4) - राज्य तथा संघ राज्य क्षेत्र का वर्णन।

✍️दूसरी अनुसूची - [अनुच्छेद 59(3), 65(3), 75(6),97, 125,148(3), 158(3),164(5),186 तथा 221] - मुख्य पदाधिकारियों के वेतन-भत्ते [9]

भाग-क : राष्ट्रपति और राज्यपाल के वेतन-भत्ते,

भाग-ख : लोकसभा तथा विधानसभा के अध्यक्ष तथा उपाध्यक्ष, राज्यसभा तथा विधान परिषद् के सभापति तथा उपसभापति के वेतन-भत्ते,

भाग-ग : उच्चतम न्यायालय के न्यायाधीशों के वेतन-भत्ते,

भाग-घ : भारत के नियंत्रक-महालेखा परीक्षक के वेतन-भत्ते।

✍️तीसरी अनुसूची - [अनुच्छेद 75(4),99, 124(6),148(2), 164(3),188 और 219] - व्यवस्थापिका के सदस्य, मंत्री, राष्ट्रपति, उपराष्ट्रपति, न्यायाधीशों आदि के लिए शपथ लिए जानेवाले प्रतिज्ञान के प्रारूप दिए हैं।

✍️चौथी अनुसूची - [अनुच्छेद 4(1),80(2)] - राज्यसभा में स्थानों का आबंटन राज्यों तथा संघ राज्य क्षेत्रों से।

✍️पाँचवी अनुसूची - [अनुच्छेद 244(1)] - अनुसूचित क्षेत्रों और अनुसूचित जन-जातियों के प्रशासन और नियंत्रण से संबंधित उपबंध।

✍️छठी अनुसूची- [अनुच्छेद 244(2), 275(1)] - असम, मेघालय, त्रिपुरा और मिजोरम राज्यों के जनजाति क्षेत्रों के प्रशासन के विषय में उपबंध।

✍️सातवीं अनुसूची - [अनुच्छेद 246] - विषयों के वितरण से संबंधित सूची-1 संघ सूची, सूची-2 राज्य सूची, सूची-3 समवर्ती सूची।

✍️आठवीं अनुसूची - [अनुच्छेद 344(1), 351] - भाषाएँ - 22 भाषाओं का उल्लेख।

✍️नवीं अनुसूची - [अनुच्छेद 31 ख ] - कुछ भूमि सुधार संबंधी अधिनियमों का विधिमान्य करण।पहला संविधान संशोधन (1951) द्वारा जोड़ी गई ।

✍️दसवीं अनुसूची - [अनुच्छेद 102(2), 191(2)] - दल परिवर्तन संबंधी उपबंध तथा परिवर्तन के आधार पर 52वें संविधान संशोधन (1985) द्वारा जोड़ी गई ।

✍️गयारहवीं अनुसूची - [अनुच्छेद 243 छ ] - पंचायती राज/ जिला पंचायत से सम्बन्धित यह अनुसूची संविधान में 73वें संवैधानिक संशोधन (1992) द्वारा जोड़ी गई।

✍️बारहवीं अनुसूची - इसमे नगरपालिका का वर्णन किया गया हैं ; यह अनुसूची संविधान में 74वें संवैधानिक संशोधन द्वारा जोड़ी गई।

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Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO)

 💠Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO)💠

➨The Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) is a permanent international intergovernmental organization which is headquartered in Beijing, China.

➨It is a Eurasian political, economic and security organisation aiming to maintain peace, security and stability in the region.

➨Its creation was announced on 15 June 2001 in Shanghai, China by the leaders of  China, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, Tajikistan, and Uzbekistan. 

➨The SCO Charter which formally established the organization was signed in June 2002 and it came into force on September 19, 2003. 

➨The official language of the organization is Chinese and Russian.

➨It is known as the 'Alliance of the East' and is the largest regional organization in the world in terms of geographical coverage and population. The organization covers nearly half of the human population. 

➨The organization has two permanent members-- the SCO Secretariat (Beijing) and the Executive Committee of the Regional Anti-Terrorist Structure (RATS) (Tashkent). 

➨The SCO is seen as a counter-balance to the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO).

💠Aim of SCO

➨The organization aims at strengthening mutual trust and neighbourliness among the member nations. 

➨It also promotes effective cooperation in politics, trade & economy, research & technology and culture.

➨The SCO aims at enhancing ties in education, energy, transport, tourism, environmental protection, and so forth. 

➨It ensures and maintains peace, security and stability in the region.

➨The organization jointly efforts towards the establishment of a democratic, rational, and fair new international economic and political order.

💠Member Nations of SCO

There are 8 Member Nations of SCO. These are as follows:

➨China

➨Kazakhstan

➨Kyrgyzstan

➨Russia

➨Tajikistan

➨Uzbekistan

➨India

➨Pakistan

💠Observer Nations of SCO

There are four Observer Nations of SCO which are acceding to full membership. These are as follows:

➨Afghanistan  

➨Belarus

➨Iran

➨Mongolia

💠Dialogue Partners of SCO

The organization also has six Dialogue Partners. It was created in the year 2008. These are as follows:

➨Armenia

➨Azerbaijan

➨Cambodia

➨Nepal

➨Sri Lanka

➨Turkey

💠Structure of SCO

The structure of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) is as follows:

➨Heads of State Council: It is the apex body of the organization which makes decisions on the internal functioning and interaction of the organization with other States & international organisations, and considers international issues. 

➨Heads of Government Council: It makes decisions on the issues related to the economic spheres of interaction within the organization. 

➨Council of Ministers of Foreign Affairs: This body of the organization makes decisions on the day-to-day issues.

➨Regional Anti-Terrorist Structure (RATS): It is formed to counter-terrorism, separatism and extremism.

➨SCO Secretariat: It is based in Beijing and provides informational, analytical & organisational support.

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Part IVA – Fundamental Duties

 💠Part IVA – Fundamental Duties💠

➨The fundamental duties of citizens were added to the constitution by the 42nd Amendment in 1976, upon the recommendations of the Swaran Singh Committee that was constituted by the government earlier that year. 

➨Originally ten in number, the fundamental duties were increased to eleven by the 86th Amendment in 2002, which added a duty on every parent or guardian to ensure that their child or ward was provided opportunities for education between the ages of six and fourteen years.

➨The other fundamental duties obligate all citizens to respect the national symbols of India, including the constitution, to cherish its heritage, preserve its composite culture and assist in its defence.

➨They also obligate all Indians to promote the spirit of common brotherhood, protect the environment and public property, develop scientific temper, abjure violence, and strive towards excellence in all spheres of life.

➨In case of violation of fundamental duties enshrined in the constitution by a citizen including President, Vice President, Speaker, parliament members, state legislative members, etc., it amounts to contempt of the constitution which is punishable under Prevention of Insults to National Honour Act, 1971. 

➨Supreme court has ruled that these fundamental duties can also help the court to decide the constitutionality of a law passed by the legislature. There is reference to such duties in international instruments such as the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, and Article 51A brings the Indian constitution into conformity with these treaties.

💠The fundamental duties noted in the constitution are as follows:

➨To abide by the Constitution and respect its ideals and institutions, the National Flag and the National Anthem;

➨To cherish and follow the noble ideals which inspired our national struggle for freedom;

➨To uphold and protect the sovereignty, unity and integrity of India;

➨To defend the country and render national service when called upon to do so;

➨To promote harmony and the spirit of common brotherhood amongst all the people of India transcending religious, linguistic and regional or sectional diversities; to renounce practices derogatory to the dignity of women;

➨To value and preserve the rich heritage of our composite culture;

➨To protect and improve the natural environment including forests, lakes, rivers, wildlife and to have compassion for living creatures;

➨To develop the scientific temper, humanism and the spirit of inquiry and reform;

➨To safeguard public property and to abjure violence;

➨To strive towards excellence in all spheres of individual and collective activity so that the nation constantly rises to higher levels of endeavour and achievement;

➨Who is a parent or guardian, to provide opportunities for education to his child, or as the case may be, ward between the age of six to fourteen years.

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Ancient Indian History for exams

 👁‍🗨Ancient Indian History👁‍🗨

➨Satavahana dynasty ruled from Pune in Maharastra to Coastal Andhra Pradesh in the 2nd century BC onwards.The coins issued by Satavahanas had Bilingual legends. The name of the Kings was mentioned in Prakrit as well as some south Indian Language. Satavahana Kings promoted Buddhism. Satkarni I was the first Satavahana King to introduce the Ruler’s head on the coins.

➨Channa was the name of Charioteer of Gautam Buddha.

➨Rashtrakutas adopted “Garuda”as dynastic emblem after the imperial Guptas.

➨The University of Nalanda was established at Badagoan,Bihar in the 5th century during the reign of the Gupta emperor Kumaragupta I.

➨The second Jain Council was held at Vallabhi under the chairmainship of Devaradhi Kshamasramana in 512 AD and resulted in finl compilation of 12 Angas and 12 Upangas.

➨Harshavardhan wrote three sanskrit plays- Nagananda, Ratnavali and Priyadarshika.

➨The Pallava King Mahendravarman I got defeated by the Chalukya King Pulakesin II. Though, Narasimhavarman I (the son of Mahendravarman I) took the revenge of his father from Pulakesin II by defeating and killing him in the Battle of Vatapi in 642 AD and captured the Chalukyan capital, Vatapi. Thus, he assumed the title of ‘Vatapikonda’ (Conqueror of Vatapi).

➨Aihole inscription mentions the name of Kalidasa .

➨Sursena Mathura, the famous city was the capital of Sursena Mahajanpada.

➨The Mauryan emperor, Ashoka invaded Kalinga in 261 BC and after a fierce battle Kalinga was conquered. The 13th rock edict of Ashoka elaborates the Kalinga war.

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